Abstract The 2030 Agenda - a strategy of the United Nations Organization (UN) to promote global and sustainable human development capable of satisfying basic social needs - is still in the initial stages in most of the countries of South America. The scope of this investigation was to consult a group of health experts on the possibilities of Argentina fulfilling the 2030 Agenda, especially the goals of ODS3 - Health and Wellbeing - when they were consulted on obstacles, challenges, and policy recommendations to meet the goals. The change of management of the government in December 2019, and the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, broadened the investigation incorporating the analysis of the incumbent Minister of Health of the Nation on the 2030 Agenda, the study carried out and the current perspectives in the pandemic period. The results were analyzed from a comparative standpoint with a Brazilian study, which revealed that most experts agree on the country’s potential to meet the goals of the 2030 Agenda. However, in the analysis of the new Minister of Health, there are “the paradoxes of the pandemic” that relate to the opportunity to empower the health system pursuant to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Resumen La Agenda 2030, una estrategia de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) para promover un desarrollo humano global y sostenible capaz de satisfacer necesidades sociales básicas, aún se encuentra en sus etapas iniciales en la mayoría de los países de América del Sur. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo consultar a un grupo de expertos en salud sobre las posibilidades de Argentina de cumplir con la Agenda 2030, en especial las metas del ODS3-Salud y Bienestar-, a su vez que se les consultó sobre los obstáculos, desafíos y recomendaciones de políticas para cumplir con las metas. El cambio de gestión del gobierno en diciembre de 2019, y el surgimiento de la pandemia COVID19 en el presente año, amplió la investigación incorporando el análisis del actual Ministro de Salud de la Nación sobre la Agenda 2030, el estudio realizado y las perspectivas actuales en el periodo de la pandemia. Los resultados fueron analizados en perspectiva comparada con un estudio brasilero, y mostraron que la mayoría de los expertos coincide en el bajo potencial del país para cumplir con las metas de la Agenda 2030. Sin embargo en el análisis del nuevo Ministro de salud surgen “las paradojas de la pandemia” que refieren a la oportunidad de fortalecer el sistema sanitario producto de la pandemia COVID-19.

Abstract The 2030 Agenda - a strategy of the United Nations Organization (UN) to promote global and sustainable human development capable of satisfying basic social needs - is still in the initial stages in most of the countries of South America. The scope of this investigation was to consult a group of health experts on the possibilities of Argentina fulfilling the 2030 Agenda, especially the goals of ODS3 - Health and Wellbeing - when they were consulted on obstacles, challenges, and policy recommendations to meet the goals. The change of management of the government in December 2019, and the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, broadened the investigation incorporating the analysis of the incumbent Minister of Health of the Nation on the 2030 Agenda, the study carried out and the current perspectives in the pandemic period. The results were analyzed from a comparative standpoint with a Brazilian study, which revealed that most experts agree on the country’s potential to meet the goals of the 2030 Agenda. However, in the analysis of the new Minister of Health, there are “the paradoxes of the pandemic” that relate to the opportunity to empower the health system pursuant to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Resumen La Agenda 2030, una estrategia de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) para promover un desarrollo humano global y sostenible capaz de satisfacer necesidades sociales básicas, aún se encuentra en sus etapas iniciales en la mayoría de los países de América del Sur. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo consultar a un grupo de expertos en salud sobre las posibilidades de Argentina de cumplir con la Agenda 2030, en especial las metas del ODS3-Salud y Bienestar-, a su vez que se les consultó sobre los obstáculos, desafíos y recomendaciones de políticas para cumplir con las metas. El cambio de gestión del gobierno en diciembre de 2019, y el surgimiento de la pandemia COVID19 en el presente año, amplió la investigación incorporando el análisis del actual Ministro de Salud de la Nación sobre la Agenda 2030, el estudio realizado y las perspectivas actuales en el periodo de la pandemia. Los resultados fueron analizados en perspectiva comparada con un estudio brasilero, y mostraron que la mayoría de los expertos coincide en el bajo potencial del país para cumplir con las metas de la Agenda 2030. Sin embargo en el análisis del nuevo Ministro de salud surgen “las paradojas de la pandemia” que refieren a la oportunidad de fortalecer el sistema sanitario producto de la pandemia COVID-19.

Resumo Um comportamento elasto-plástico é considerado para simular a ruptura da interface entre barras (ranhurada, helicoidal e helicoidal com areia)de fibra polimérica reforçada (FRP) e o concreto. As propriedades da interface são obtidas comparando os resultados do modelo com ensaios de arrancamento. As propriedades obtidas para a barra ranhurada são similares às propriedades conhecidas das barras de aço nervuradas. Neste caso, o comportamento em ruptura da interface não depende das propriedades da barra. Para as duas superfícies helicoidais, por outro lado, o comportamento da interface é realmente alterado pelas características da barra de FRP. A vantagem desta formulação é a capacidade de calcular trações de fissuração, responsáveis pela ruína do volume de concreto.

Abstract An elastic-plastic behavior is considered to simulate the interface rupture between grooved, helical wrapped and sand coated helical wrapped bars made of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) and concrete. Interface properties are obtained comparing results of the model with pull-out experiments. Properties obtained related to grooved bars are similar to properties known for ribbed steel bars. In this case, interface rupture behavior does not depend on bar properties. In case of both helical wrapped bars, on the other side, interface behavior is actually changed by FRP bar characteristics. The advantage of the present formulation is its capability to calculate splitting tractions, responsible for bulk concrete failure.

Resumo Neste artigo, um modelo numérico com descontinuidades fortes é apresentado para abordar problemas de fratura em materiais quase frágeis. É implementada uma formulação não simétrica estaticamente e cinemáticamente consistente. A descontinuidade forte no campo de deslocamentos é representada usando o método do elemento finito com enriquecimento elementar (E-FEM). Em outras palavras, a descontinuidade forte é introduzida no elemento finito e os graus de liberdade adicionais são condensados em nível de elemento, permitindo a implementação em códigos computacionais existentes. Dois modelos constitutivos são utilizados para analisar o comportamento da região fissurada, um linear e outro exponencial. Os resultados do modelo exponencial estão mais próximos dos obtidos em dados experimentais e simulações numéricas representativas do que o modelo linear.

Abstract In this paper a numerical model with strong discontinuities is presented to address fracture problems in quasi-brittle materials. A non-symmetrical statically and kinematically consistent formulation is implemented. The strong discontinuity in the displacement field is represented using the elemental enrichment finite element method (E-FEM). In other words, the strong discontinuity is introduced into the finite element and the additional degrees of freedom are condensed at the element level, allowing the implementation into existing computational codes. Two constitutive models are used to analyze the behavior of the cracked zone, linear and exponential. The exponential model results are closer to those obtained in experimental data and representative numerical simulations than the linear model.

Neste trabalho é empregado o modelo de trincas sobrepostas, que permite modelar o comportamento em esmagamento do concreto através de superfícies coesivas, de forma similar à empregada na simulação de fraturas. O material entra em dano de compressão quando há interpenetração das superfícies. Além da simplicidade, a grande vantagem da metodologia é estar baseada em relações constitutivas independentes da escala do material. Uma generalização é introduzida de modo a considerar o modo misto de esmagamento. Aplicações exploratórias são realizadas considerando vigas super-armadas de concreto. Investigou-se o efeito da altura das vigas, das armaduras de compressão e dos estribos. Um bom ajuste com dados experimentais é obtido.

In this work, the overlapping crack mode is considered. It permits the modeling of concrete crushing through cohesive surfaces, in a similar way used to simulate fracture. The material is considered in damage when the surfaces interpenetrate each other. Besides simplicity, the big advantage of the methodology is the fact that constitutive relations are independent of the material scale. A generalization is here introduced to consider mixed crushing. Exploratory applications are made considering super-reinforced beams. The effects of the height of the beams, compressive rebars and stirrups are investigated. A good fitting with experiments is obtained.

Polymeric surfaces obtained by chemical vapor deposition of HMDSO on aluminum plates using plasma were modified by means of low pressure Argon plasma and vacuum ultraviolet radiation (VUV). The polymeric surface was directly exposed to the plasma -which also acted as a vacuum ultraviolet radiation source- at different conditions. An important contribution of the VUV radiation component in surface modification was observed. The surface free-energy, the chemical composition, and the morphology of the films were determined by contact angle measurement, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM. It was observed that the action of VUV radiation inside de Argon plasma was responsible for more than 45% of the increase of surface free-energy, and that the influence of VUV radiation on surface free-energy varied significantly as consequence of different exposure times

Estudamos a fauna de ectoparasitos e besouros Amblyopinini associada a quatro espécies de pequenos mamíferos da Mata Atlântica da Ilha Grande, localizada no sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil, analisando em que extensão os ectoparasitos seriam específicos de cada região do corpo do hospedeiro. Durante o estudo capturamos um total de 90 roedores: 61 Proechimys iheringi Thomas, 1911 (Echymyidae), 22 Sciurus aestuans (Thomas, 1901) (Sciuridae), 4 Oxymycterus sp. (Waterhouse, 1837) e 2 Nectomys squamipes (Brants, 1827) (Sigmodontinae). Os dados mostraram que os ectoparasitos e os Amblyopinini encontrados vivendo nos hospedeiros roedores da Ilha Grande apresentam preferência por algumas áreas específicas do corpo do hospedeiro. Contudo, algumas espécies de ectoparasitos podem se sobrepor em alguns sítios que utilizam, aparentemente devido à limitação de acesso a esses sítios pelos hospedeiros, reduzindo sua remoção e aumentando a chance de que ali ocorram.

We studied the ectoparasite and the Amblyopinini beetle fauna associated with four small mammal species of the Atlantic Rainforest of Ilha Grande, an island located off the southern Rio de Janeiro State Coast, Southeastern Brazil, analyzing to what extent the parasites were specific to each region of the host body. During the study, a total of 90 individual rodents were captured: 61 Proechimys iheringi Thomas, 1911 (Echymyidae), 22 Sciurus aestuans (Thomas, 1901) (Sciuridae), 4 Oxymycterus sp. (Waterhouse, 1837), and 2 Nectomys squamipes (Brants, 1827) (Sigmodontinae). The data showed that the ectoparasites and Amblyopinini on some rodent hosts in Ilha Grande tend to prefer particular host body sites, and that some ectoparasite species sites may overlap owing to their inaccessibility to the host.